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Division of Taxation

Pass-Through Business Alternative Income Tax (PTE/BAIT)

For ³Ô¹ÏºÚÁÏ tax purposes, income and losses of a pass-through entity are passed through to its members. Eligible S corporations, partnerships, and LLCs classified as a partnership or an S corporation for federal tax purposes with at least one member who is an individual, estate, or trust who is liable for tax on their share of distributive proceeds subject to the ³Ô¹ÏºÚÁÏ Gross Income Tax Act may elect to pay PTE/BAIT at the entity level on the sum of each member’s share of distributive proceeds.

Members can then claim a refundable tax credit on their ³Ô¹ÏºÚÁÏ Gross Income Tax or Corporation Business Tax return for their share of tax paid by the entity. Partnerships can also claim a BAIT credit against their filing fee, nonresident tax on behalf of nonresident partners, their own PTE-100, or pass it through to their partners if they are all individuals, estates, or trusts.

To participate, an entity must with the ³Ô¹ÏºÚÁÏ Division of Revenue and Enterprise Services and file an annual election. All forms, returns, and payments must be submitted electronically.


Eligible Entities:

  • Partnerships with at least one member who is an individual, estate, or a trust subject to NJ Gross Income Tax
  • ³Ô¹ÏºÚÁÏ S corporations with at least one member who is an individual, estate, or a trust subject to NJ Gross Income Tax
  • LLCs classified as a partnership or an S corporation for federal tax purposes with at least one member who is an individual, estate, or a trust subject to NJ Gross Income Tax

Not Eligible:

  • Single-member LLCs
  • Sole proprietorships
Entity Type Election Eligibility Notes
S Corporation Yes Credit flows to shareholders based on distributive proceeds that were allocated to ³Ô¹ÏºÚÁÏ
Partnership Yes Credit flows to resident individuals, estate, and trust partners on all income; Credit flows to other resident partners on NJ-source income; Credit flows to nonresident partners on NJ-source income
Multi-member LLC Conditional Eligible if LLC is classified as a partnership or an S corporation for federal tax purposes and has at least one member who is an individual, estate, or trust subject to NJ Gross Income Tax
Single-member LLC or sole proprietorship No Not eligible
Tax Rates
Taxable Income Tax Rate
$0-$250,000 5.675%
$250,001-$1,000,000 6.52%
Over $1,000,000 10.9%

Sourcing Rules:

  • Partnerships: Resident individual, estate, and trust members are taxed on all income; other resident and nonresident members are taxed on ³Ô¹ÏºÚÁÏ source income.
  • S Corporations: Shareholders are taxed on ³Ô¹ÏºÚÁÏ source income.

Alignment with Entity Returns:

  • Distributive proceeds follow sourcing rules reported on the entity's ³Ô¹ÏºÚÁÏ return:
    • Partnerships: Form NJ-1065
    • S Corporations: Form CBT-100S
  • Members may still need NJ-1040-ES estimated tax payments for income not covered by BAIT.
  • BAIT estimated tax payments cannot be applied to any other tax account.

Eligible pass-through entities must complete an annual PTE/BAIT election. All forms and payments must be filed electronically via the PTE File and Pay System. The election must be made before any payments can be accepted; this includes estimated tax payments.

Election:

  • File each year by the original return due date (e.g., March 15 of the following tax year for calendar year filers)
  • An election must be made each year
  • Elections do not carry forward automatically

Estimated Tax Payments:

  • Required if total BAIT liability exceeds $400
  • Payments made using Form PTE-150

Key Deadlines for Calendar Year Filers:

  • March 15: File PTE/BAIT election
  • March 15: (following year) Revocation
  • April 15: 1st estimated tax payment
  • June 15: 2nd estimated tax payment
  • September 15: 3rd estimated tax payment
  • January 15 (following year): 4th estimated tax payment
  • March 15 (following year): File Form PTE-200-T (extension with payment) or Form PTE-100

Note: BAIT estimated tax payments are separate from NJ-1040-ES estimated tax payments.

Filing the Return:

  • File Form PTE-100 by the original due date (March 15 of following year)
  • Pay any balance electronically
  • Request a 6-month extension using Form PTE-200-T (extension does not extend the time to pay; 80% of the liability must be paid in by the original due date in order for the extension to be granted)

Composite and Nonresident Members:

  • Filing BAIT does not prevent a composite return (Form NJ-1080-C)
  • Credits may flow to composite participants; composite payments cannot be applied to BAIT accounts
  • Each member receives a share of BAIT paid by the entity on their share of distributive proceeds
  • Credits are refundable and may be applied to:
    • Individual NJ-1040, NJ-1040NR, NJ-1041
    • Corporation Business Tax (CBT)
    • NJ-1065, NJ-CBT-1065

Overpayments may be carried forward to the following tax year if a PTE BAIT election was made for the following tax year. If no election was made, the overpayment will be refunded.


Last Updated: Thursday, 04/16/26